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Gardenerlla Vaginalis is a tiny pleomorphic gram negative mostly isolated from secretions of females with bacteria vaginosis. The organism cause infections such as endometritis, salpingitis, urethritis and in pregnant women cause the delivery of low-birth weight babies with less than 2500 grams. This study was done as a descriptive study on 200 pregnant and non-pregnant women in 2 groups, referred to gynecology and obstetric ward of Babol University of Medical Sciences. We gathered information by questionnaires then clinical examination and sampling from posterior fornix was obtained. PH values of the samples were determined, wiff test, wet mount examination and gram staining were practiced and finally the isolated bacteria from media such as HBT, PSDA, etc were examined by proper microbiologic tests to confirm the diagnosis. In this study 24% of non-pregnant and 14% of pregnant women found to be infected with GV. In 30.7% of infected women the rate of colonization of GV was high. However detection of bacterial vaginosis by clinical diagnosis has shown an incidence of 41% in non-pregnant women and 27% in pregnant women. Meanwhile 60% of non-pregnant females had positive pop-smears for GV. It should also be noted that the rate of GV infections has found to be higher during the first trimester than the second or third. Samples from patients with bacterial vaginosis show an associated increase in the number of gram negative of variable gram reaction bacilli with a decrease in the number of lactobacilli. Thus, diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is preferably recommended to be made using simple methods such as wet mount examination and gram-staining of vaginal discharges.

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Background&Objective: Genital mycoplasmas can cause infection of the genitourinary tract. Thses organisms are associated with bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis, cervicitis, Nongonococcal urethritis. Spontaneous abortion, premature birth, neonatal pneumonia and meningitis, and infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of PCR method for diagnosis and identification of genital mycoplasma in culture negative samples taken from women suffering from bacterial vaginosis. Materials&Methods: 174 genital samples were taken from women suffering from bacterial vaginosis during January until December 2005. Two genital swabs were taken from each patient. One of them was cultured on the mycoplasma specific media for isolation of mycoplasma. The other swab was immersed in PBS buffer and frozen until DNA extraction. To detect the presence of mycoplasma and ureaplasma in genital DNA Samples: a 520-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA was amplified. The specific primers used for this purpose were: MGSO, UGSO, MY- ins. Results: From 174 samples, 71 samples (40.8%) were positive by culture for mycoplasma & ureaplasma. From 103 culture negative samples. According to PCR results, 14 samples (13.6%) were positive and 89 Samples (86.4%) were negative for mycoplasma and ureaplasma. Conclusion: This study showed that PCR method is more sensitive than culture for detection genital mycoplasma, Therefore PCR is a rapid, sensitive and easy method to detect genital mycoplasmas in urogenital swabs.