Background & Objective: Anovulation is one of the most common causes of infertility and the increasing use of induction ovulation agents for treatment of these patients has been increased. This study was done to evaluate of neonatal outcome in pregnancies after ovarian stimulation in comparisons with spontaneous pregnancy.

Materials & Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, 398 pregnant women admitted to teaching Hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from Nov 2004-Apr 2005 were assessed for neonatal outcomes. We compared the rate of multiple pregnancy, gestational age, birth weight, agars score of first and fifth minutes, apparent congenital anomalies, neonatal early death and the days of neonatal hospitalization at NICU in two groups of induction ovulation and spontaneous pregnancy. The data were analyzed by c2 and t student test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: From 398 pregnant women, 95 patients were pregnant after ovulation induction and 303 patients had spontaneous pregnancy. There was significant differences between two groups including: Multiple pregnancy, first minutes and fifth-minutes. Apgar scores, head circumference and admission in NICU (P<0.05). There was also effective dependence between induction ovulation and multiple pregnancy on premature delivery. The early neonatal death and apparent congenital anomalies had no significant differences between two groups.

Conclusion: We concluded that neonatal outcome of ouvlatory induced pregnancies is more unfavorable which probably is due to the multiple pregnancy premature delivery and maternal infertility background.