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Background and Objective: Depression is the most common mood disorder. To assess the incidence and wide spread of depression and associated factor among of Bakhteyari tribal as native population in Chaharmahal and Bahkteyari province, this study was conducted. Materials & Methods: This study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study which was carried out on 400 subjects by using a systematic random sample technique during 2006. Depression was assessed by Beck inventory depressive questionnaire. Data was Analyzed by SPSS-11 Software and t-test , Chi-Square , ANOVA. Results: Mean±SD of depression score in female and male were 18.5±10.8 and 14.9±11.45, respectivly. Depression incidence rate in population was 29.6% (CI 95%: 25.6-33.6). Intermediate and upper degree of depression prevalence was determined to be 24%. The incidence rate of descriptive in female was higher than males (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between depression in house wife and jobless people (p<0.05). The highest incidence rate was either under 20 years or above 50 years old. Conclusion: This study showed that the depresion rate is higher among the tribe than in other groups in this province.