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Tissue engineering is based on three main factors including scaffolds, cells and growth factors. Natural scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues and organs have been successfully used in tissue engineering. Decellularization studies have shown that natural scaffolds which maintaine their main structure and properties could be a suitable tool for studying cellular behaviors and preparation of such scaffolds is an important part of future research in biology that may have extensive applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Blastema tissue which is produced after injuries in some organisms has embryonic cell characteristics, and can be a suitable model for evaluation of cell behaviors in various tissues. In this review, the process of decellularization, process involved in preparation of 3D scaffolds derived from extracellular matrix of various tissues including cartilage, bone, gingiva, aorta and bladder, and assessment of their interactions with blastema tissue under in vitro conditions are discussed.

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Background and Objective: Cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 activities on arachidonic fatty acids of cell membrane produces prostaglandins which involved in inflammatory processes. This study was done to evaluate the effect of hexanic and hydroalcoholic extract of Cannabis sativa flowers on inflammatory paw edema in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 56 male Wistar rats were allocated into the control, sham, sodium salicylate (300mg/kg/bw) and hydroalcoholic extract of heated flowers in 1, 10 and 50 mg/kg/bw, hydroalcoholic extract of unheated flowers in 50mg/kg/bw and hexanic extract of heated flower in 50mg/kg/bw, intraperitonally. 30 minutes after injection, inflammatory edema volume due to sub plantar injection of formalin (0.05 ml, 2.5%) measeared using plethysmometric method. Results: Intraperitonally injection of 50mg/kg/bw, of hydroalcoholic and hexanic extracts of heated flowers significantly reduced in inflammatory paw edema induced by formalin (P<0.05). Also, 50mg/kg/bw, hydroalcoholic extract of unheated flowers reduced the inflammatory paw edema in comparison with heated extracts (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of heated flowers decreased inflammation-induced paw edema in dose-dependent manner. The extract of unheated flowers, leads to more reduction of the inflammatory paw edema in comparison to heated flower extract, it can be due to carboxylated cannabinoid present in the hydroalcoholic extract of unheated flowers.

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Background and Objective: Esophageal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, and due to the placement of Iran in the Asian belt of esophageal cancer, the use of modern therapeutic approaches is necessary. Betanin is a natural compound extracted from the red beetroot of Beta vulgaris species whose antioxidant properties and role in removing free radicals have been proven. The present study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic effect of red beetroot aqueous extract on esophageal cancer cell line KYSE30.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, esophageal cancer cell line KYSE30 was cultured and then underwent treatment with different concentrations of red beetroot aqueous extract (3, 30, 300, 1000, and 3000 µg/mL) in the three time intervals of 24, 48, and 72 hours. The anticancer effect of treated cells was evaluated by the tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay and the effect of viability was evaluated by the trypan blue assay.
Results: The viability of esophageal cancer cell line at concentrations of 30, 300, 1000, and 3000 μg/mL of red beetroot aqueous extract within 24 hours was statistically significantly reduced compared to the control cells (P<0.05). The viability of esophageal cancer cell line in concentrations of 1000 and 3000 μg/mL of red beetroot aqueous extract within 48 hours showed a statistically significant reduction compared to the control cells (P<0.05). The viability of esophageal cancer cell line at concentrations of 3, 30, 300, 1000, and 3000 μg/mL of red beetroot aqueous extract within 72 hours showed a statistically significant reduction compared to the control cells (P<0.05). The MTT assay results approved the trypan blue assay results. Also, the trypan blue assay indicated that the concentration of 3000 μg/mL significantly led to reduced viability of cells within 72 hours (64.14±3.29) compared to 24 hours (77.22±3.34) and 48 hours (66.93±5.57) (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Red beetroot aqueous extract has a cytotoxic effect on esophageal cancer cell line KYSE30.